admin 生物化学（英文版） 2023智慧树答案 – 萌面人
1、At the isoelectric point, the net charge of the protein molecule is 0.
A:对B:错答案: 对
2、All the proteins have quaternary structure.
A:对B:错答案: 错
3、The principle of salt precipitation, precipitation of proteins is ( )
A:Binding of proteins to form insoluble protein saltB:To neutralize the charge and destroy the hydration shellC:Lowering the dielectric constant of the protein solutionD:Adjust the isoelectric point of the protein solutionE:Denature proteins答案: To neutralize the charge and destroy the hydration shell
4、The main chemical bond that maintains the alpha-helical structure of the protein is( )
A:peptide bondB:Hydrogen bonding between peptide bond atomsC:Hydrogen bonding between side chainsD:Salt keyE:Disulfide bond答案: Hydrogen bonding between peptide bond atoms
5、The advanced structure of the protein depends on ( )
A:Hydrogen bonds in protein peptide chainsB:Peptide bonds in protein peptide chainsC:Amino acid composition and sequence in protein peptide chainsD:Peptide bond plane in protein peptide chainE:Peptide units in protein peptide chains答案: Amino acid composition and sequence in protein peptide chains
6、The physical and chemical properties shared by proteins and amino acids are: ( )
A:Polymer propertiesB:Colloidal propertiesC:Amphoteric DissociationD:Precipitation propertiesE:Denatured properties答案: Amphoteric Dissociation
7、The properties of denatured proteins are ( )
A:Solubility drops significantlyB:Loss of biological activityC:Easy to be hydrolyzed by proteaseD:SolidificationE:precipitation答案: Solubility drops significantly;Loss of biological activity;Easy to be hydrolyzed by protease
8、Protein denaturation is because ( )
A:Hydrogen bond is destroyedB:Peptide bond cleavageC:Subunit depolymerizationD:The hydration membrane is destroyed and the charge is neutralizedE:Disulfide bond cleavage答案: Hydrogen bond is destroyed;Subunit depolymerization;Disulfide bond cleavage
9、Primary structure of protein ( )
A:Is the basis of spatial structureB:refers to amino acid sequenceC:It does not include disulfide bondD:It mainly depends on peptide bond to maintain stabilityE:α-helix and β-sheet are the major conformations of it答案: Is the basis of spatial structure;refers to amino acid sequence;It mainly depends on peptide bond to maintain stability
10、Which of the following are acid amino acids? ( )
A:GlutamateB:LysineC:ArginineD:AspartateE:Alanine答案: Glutamate;Aspartate
第二章 单元测试1、Tm is directly related to the GC content of DNA and ionic strength.
A:对B:错答案: 对
2、rRNA is the site for protein biosynthesis.
A:对B:错答案: 错
3、In a DNA molecule, if the molar ratio of A is 17.2%, the molar ratio of C should be ( )
A:67.2％B:32.8％C:65.6％D:17.2％E:50.3%答案: 32.8％
4、The key part of DNA molecule to store and transmit genetic information is ( )
A:Pentose conformationB:base rotation angleC:base sequenceD:pentose phosphate skeletonE:phosphate diester bond答案: base sequence
5、The force to maintain the lateral stability of DNA double helix is ( )
A:Base packing forceB:hydrogen bond between base pairsC:Internal screw drainageD:disulfide bondE:phosphodiester bond答案: hydrogen bond between base pairs
6、
What’s wrong with nucleic acid hybridization ( )
A:Two single stranded DNA from different sources can be hybridized as long as some bases are complementaryB:DNA single strand can hybridize with RNA strand with almost the same complementary baseC:RNA DNA hybrid chain can be synthesized by reverse transcription using mRNA as templateD:mRNA can be hybridized with the encoded polypeptide chainE:Using molecular hybridization, the target gene can be fished from gene library答案: mRNA can be hybridized with the encoded polypeptide chain
7、
The changes in DNA denaturation are: ( )
A:Hydrogen chain breaking and double helix structure breaking between chainsB:hyperchromic effectC:Viscosity increaseD:covalent bond fracture答案: Hydrogen chain breaking and double helix structure breaking between chains;hyperchromic effect
8、
The histones that make up the core particle of nucleosome are ( )
A:H1B:H2AC:H2BD:H3E:H4答案: H2A;H2B;H3;H4
9、
As for the description of rRNA, it is correct to ( )
A:Large and small subunits that can combine with proteins to form ribosomesB:It’s the most abundant RNA in the cellC:Containing more rare basesD:No secondary structureE:Shortest half-life答案: Large and small subunits that can combine with proteins to form ribosomes;It’s the most abundant RNA in the cell
10、
The biological functions of nucleotides in vivo include ( )
A:As cytoskeletonB:Raw materials for nucleic acid synthesis in vivoC:Some nucleotides can be used as second messengers of hormonesD:Some nucleotides are allosteric effectors of allosteric enzymesE:Some nucleotides are the direct energy suppliers in the organism答案: Raw materials for nucleic acid synthesis in vivo;Some nucleotides can be used as second messengers of hormones;Some nucleotides are allosteric effectors of allosteric enzymes;Some nucleotides are the direct energy suppliers in the organism
第三章 单元测试1、Vitamins are a class of high molecular organic compounds
A:对B:错答案: 错
2、Too much or too little fat-soluble vitamin can cause disease
A:对B:错答案: 对
3、
Vitamin A deficiency can cause ( )
A:Night blindnessB:color blindnessC:cataractD:chondropathyE:albinism答案: Night blindness
4、
The vitamins containing metal elements are ( )
A:Vitamin B1B:vitamin B2C:vitamin B6D:vitamin CE:vitamin B12答案: vitamin B12
5、
The coenzymes of α – keto acids decarboxylase come from ( )
A:Vitamin B1B:vitamin B2C:vitamin B6D:vitamin B12E:vitamin C答案: Vitamin B1
6、
As for the corresponding relationship between vitamins and their active forms, the wrong one is ( )
A:Vitamin B1-TPPB:vitamin PP-CoAC:vitamin B2-FADD:Folic acid-FH4E:nicotinamide-NAD+答案: vitamin PP-CoA
7、
The fat soluble vitamins are ( )
A:Vitamin AB:vitamin BC:vitamin CD:Vitamin DE:vitamin E答案: Vitamin A;Vitamin D;vitamin E
8、
Vitamin D deficiency can cause ( )
A:cretinismB:osteochondrosisC:kidney stoneD:night blindnessE:rickets答案: osteochondrosis;rickets
9、
Which of the following are the active forms of pantothenic acid ( )
A:FADB:NAD+C:CoAD:FH4E:ACP答案: CoA;ACP
10、
Which of the following statements about vitamins is wrong ( )
A:It is a kind of low molecular weight organic compoundsB:The human body cannot synthesize itselfC:Tissue components that do not form the bodyD:Oxidizable energy supplyE:It can be used as coenzyme to participate in metabolism答案: The human body cannot synthesize itself;Oxidizable energy supply
第四章 单元测试1、The higher the Km value of the enzyme, the lower the affinity to substrate.
A:对B:错答案: 对
2、All the enzymes have coenzymes or prosthetic groups.
A:对B:错答案: 错
3、
The difference between coenzyme and prosthetic group is ( )
A:Different chemical essenceB:different physical and chemical propertiesC:Different binding degree with enzyme proteinD:Containing different metal ionsE:different biological properties答案: Different binding degree with enzyme protein
4、
What determines the specificity of enzymatic reactions is ( )
A:coenzymeB:prosthetic groupC:enzyme proteinD:Whole enzymeE:cofactor答案: enzyme protein
5、
The mechanism of enzymatic reaction is ( )
A:reduce the activation energy of the reactionB:reduce the free energy of the reactionC:increase the free energy of the reactionD:Increase the heat energy of the substrateE:decrease the heat energy of the product答案: reduce the activation energy of the reaction
6、
The inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase by malonic acid belongs to ( )
A:Irreversible inhibitionB:competitive inhibitionC:non competitive inhibitionD:Anticompetitive inhibitionE:feedback inhibition答案: competitive inhibition
7、
Which of the following is true about Isoenzymes ( )
A:It can catalyze the same chemical reactionB:generally, it is an oligoenzymeC:It can exist in different tissues of the same individualD:It has different physical and chemical properties答案: It can catalyze the same chemical reaction;generally, it is an oligoenzyme;It can exist in different tissues of the same individual;It has different physical and chemical properties
8、
The function of the essential group in the enzyme molecule is ( )
A:Binding with substrateB:maintaining the spatial conformation of enzymeC:To change the substrate chemicallyD:to accept protons or groups in a reaction答案: Binding with substrate;maintaining the spatial conformation of enzyme;To change the substrate chemically;to accept protons or groups in a reaction
9、
Covalent modifications of enzymes include ( )
A:Phosphorylation and dephosphorylationB:acetylation and deacetylationC:Methylation and demethylationD:adenosylation and deadenylation答案: Phosphorylation and dephosphorylation;acetylation and deacetylation;Methylation and demethylation;adenosylation and deadenylation
10、
The characteristics of noncompetitive inhibition are ( )
A:The structure of inhibitor and substrate is not similarB:the degree of inhibition depends on the concentration of inhibitorC:The binding of the inhibitor to the active center of the enzymeD:the binding of the enzyme to the inhibitor does not affect its binding to the substrate答案: The structure of inhibitor and substrate is not similar;the degree of inhibition depends on the concentration of inhibitor;the binding of the enzyme to the inhibitor does not affect its binding to the substrate
第五章 单元测试1、Ubiquinone is not contained in any respiratory chain complex.
A:对B:错答案: 对
2、Respiratory chain complex II is the coupling site of oxidative phosphorylation.
A:对B:错答案: 错
3、
The reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide is ( )
A:FADH B:FADC:FADH++D:FADH2答案: FADH++
4、
What type of gradient is critical to ATP formation by oxidative phosphorylation?
A:sodium ionB:potassium ionC:chloride ionD:proton答案: proton
5、
Which of the following does not participate in, nor is a component of , the electron-transport chain?
A:coenzyme AB:non-heme, iron-sulfur proteinsC:NADHD:coenzyme QE:cytochrome c1答案: coenzyme A
6、
In the malate-aspartate shuttle, electrons from NADH are transferred to , forming malate.
A:oxaloacelateB:glutamateC:acetateD:aspartate答案: oxaloacelate
7、
Choose the correct path taken by a pair of electrons as it travels down the electron-transport chain.
A:NADH→complex I→CoQ→complex III→ Cyt c→complex IV→O2B:FADH2→complex I→CoQ→complex III→ Cyt c→complex IV→O2C:NADH→complex I→complex II→complex III→ Cyt c→complex IV→O2D:FADH2→complex II→CoQ→complex III→ Cyt c→complex IV→O2答案: NADH→complex I→CoQ→complex III→ Cyt c→complex IV→O2;FADH2→complex II→CoQ→complex III→ Cyt c→complex IV→O2
8、
Factors affecting oxidative phosphorylation include: ( )
A:ADP / ATPB:thyroxine C:amiodaroneD:uncoupling agent答案: ADP / ATP;thyroxine ;amiodarone;uncoupling agent
9、
ATP synthase: ( )
A:It is composed of two parts, F1 and F0B:F0 is the proton channel of mitochondrial inner membraneC:F1 catalyzes the production and release of ATPD:F1 is the hydrophobic part of the enzyme答案: It is composed of two parts, F1 and F0;F0 is the proton channel of mitochondrial inner membrane;F1 catalyzes the production and release of ATP
10、
The increase of basal metabolic rate in patients with hyperthyroidism is mainly due to: ( )
A:Increase of ADP decompositionB:increase of ADP generationC:Increased ATP decompositionD:increased ATP production答案: Increased ATP decomposition;increased ATP production
第六章 单元测试1、Aerobic oxidation is the major process to provide energy for most tissues.
A:对B:错答案: 对
2、Anaerobic oxidation cannot be carried out under aerobic conditions.
A:对B:错答案: 错
3、
Which of the following is an energy-requiring step of glycolysis?
A:Lactate dehydrogenaseB:Phosphoglycerate kinaseC:GlucokinaseD:Phosphohexose isomeraseE:Pyruvate kinase答案: Glucokinase
4、
Which of the following are primary substrates for gluconeogenesis?
A:Galactose and fructoseB:Glycerol and alanineC:Acetyl-CoA and succinyl-CoAD:Sucrose and lactoseE:GTP and biotin答案: Glycerol and alanine
5、
When glycogen is synthesized, the direct donor of glucose group is ( )
A:CDPGB:UDPGC:glucose-1- phosphateD:GDPGE:glucose-6- phosphate答案: UDPG
6、
How much ATP can be produced by 1-acetyl-coa through the TCA cycle?
A:10B:12C:14D:16E:18答案: 10
7、
Which of the following pathway are only carried out in cytoplasm?
A:glycolysisB:gluconeogenesisC:pentose phosphate pathwayD:glycogen synthesis答案: glycolysis;pentose phosphate pathway;glycogen synthesis
8、
The hormones that raise blood sugar are ( )
A:glucagonB:adrenaline C:glucocorticoid D:parathyroid hormone答案: glucagon;adrenaline ;glucocorticoid ;parathyroid hormone
9、
Approximately how many ATP can be produced during the completely oxidation of one glucose ( )
A:30B:32C:36D:10答案: 30;32
10、
The physiological functions of pentose phosphate pathway include ( )
A:supply pentose phosphateB:supply 3C compoundsC:Provide 4C compoundsD:provide NADPH + H+答案: supply pentose phosphate;supply 3C compounds;Provide 4C compounds;provide NADPH + H+
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